These electrodes create a map of the abnormal pathways causing arrhythmias. The catheters have electrodes at the tips that can measure the electrical signals from the heart. The catheters are then advanced towards the heart. Ĭatheter ablation procedure involves advancing several flexible catheters into the patient's blood vessels, usually either in the femoral vein, internal jugular vein, or subclavian vein. Technique Electrophysiologists perform heart mapping prior to ablating the tissue causing abnormal rhythmsĬatheter ablation is usually performed by an electrophysiologist (a specially trained cardiologist) in a cath lab. Ī 2018 study showed efficacy of cardiac ablation for treatment of Premature Ventricular Contraction as 94.1%. Pulmonary vein isolation has been found to be more effective than optimized antiarrhythmic drug therapy for improving quality of life at 12 months after treatment. Several experienced teams of electrophysiologists in US heart centers claim they can achieve up to a 75% success rate. Young people with AF with paroxysmal, or intermittent, AF therefore have an increased chance of success with an ablation since their heart has not undergone atrial remodeling yet. One reason for this may be that once the heart has undergone atrial remodeling as in the case of chronic atrial fibrillation patients, largely 50 and older, it is much more difficult to correct the 'bad' electrical pathways. Often, several procedures are needed to raise the success rate to a 70–80% range. However, the evidence quality ranged from moderate to very low A 2006 study, including both paroxysmal and non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, found that the success rates are 28% for single procedures. After 12 months, participants receiving catheter ablation were more likely to be free of atrial fibrillation, and less likely to need cardioversion. The potential complications include bleeding, blood clots, pericardial tamponade, and heart block, but these risks are very low, ranging from 2.6 to 3.2%.įor non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, a 2016 systematic review compared catheter ablation to heart rhythm drugs. For automatic atrial tachycardias, the success rates are 70–90%. For atrial flutter, single procedure success is 88% to 95% (95% Confidence Interval) and multiple procedure success is 95% to 99% (95% Confidence Interval). Success rates for WPW syndrome have been as high as 95% For SVT, single procedure success is 91% to 96% (95% Confidence Interval) and multiple procedure success is 92% to 97% (95% Confidence Interval). Effectiveness Ĭatheter ablation of most arrhythmias has a high success rate. Typically, catheter ablation is used only when pharmacologic treatment has been ineffective. The ablation procedure can be classified by energy source: radiofrequency ablation and cryoablation.Ĭatheter ablation may be recommended for a recurrent or persistent arrhythmia resulting in symptoms or other dysfunction. If not controlled, such arrhythmias increase the risk of ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac arrest. Catheter ablation is a procedure that uses radio-frequency energy or other sources to terminate or modify a faulty electrical pathway from sections of the heart of those who are prone to developing cardiac arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
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